What is Structure in C++?

Structure is a collection of variables of different data types under a single name.

Structure is an assortment of factors of various information types under a solitary name. It is like a class in that, the two holds a collection of information of various information types. For instance: You need to store some data about an individual: his/her name, citizenship number and pay.

Simple Code of C++ Structure

//CODE BY ALI
#include<iostream>
using namespace std;
//CODE BY ALI
struct student
{
    int rollNo;
    char name[20];
};
//Define input function which get data from user 
void input(student *stu, int size)
{
    for(int i=0 ;i<size; i++ )
    {
        cout<<"Enter the Roll NO of Student: ";
        cin>>stu[i].rollNo;  //stu[index].rollNo
        cout<<"Enter the Name of Student: ";
        cin>>stu[i].name;    //stu[index].name
        cout<<endl;
    }
}
//Define display function which shows data to user
void display(student *stu, int size)
{
    for(int i=0 ;i<size; i++ )
    {
        cout<<endl<<"Roll NO."<<stu[i].rollNo<<endl;
        cout<<"Name : "<<stu[i].name<<endl;
    }
}
//MAIN FUNCTION
int main()
{
    //Define veriable which have "student" data type
    student stu[2];     //stu is an array have a student datatype
    //pass the array and it's size to input function
    input(stu, 2);
    //pass the array and it's size to display function
    display(stu ,2);
    return 0;
}

It is the example of structure in c++, you learn how structure works. Also we define functions in structure, yes it is possible like classes and objects in C++.

Functions define in Structure code in C++

> Also we apply concept of inheritance in structures, in next code we learn how to apply concept of inheritance in structure.

Apply Inheritance in structure code in C++

//CODE BY ALI
#include<iostream>
using namespace std;
//CODE BY ALI
//MAIN STRUCTURE
struct student
{
    int rollNo;
    char name[20];
    //Its react as simple function which is call from main function
    void input()
    {
        //GET INPUT
        cout<<"Enter the Roll NO of Student: ";
        cin>>rollNo;  
        cout<<"Enter the Name of Student: ";
        cin>>name;    
    }
    //Its react as simple function which is call from main function
    void display()
    {
        //DISPLAY DATA
        cout<<endl<<"Roll NO."<<rollNo<<endl;
        cout<<"Name : "<<name<<endl;
    }
};
//studentProject contain Project no and name also rollNo and name of Student
struct studentProject
{
    int projectNo;
    char projectName[10];
    student stu;  //stu is variable of type student

//Its react as simple function which is call from main function
    void input()
    {
        //get input of student data
        stu.input();
        //GET INPUT
        cout<<"Enter the NO of Project: ";
        cin>>projectNo;  
        cout<<"Enter the Name of Project: ";
        cin>>projectName;   
        cout<<endl<<endl; 
    }
    //Its react as simple function which is call from main function
    void display()
    {
        //show student data
        stu.display();
        //DISPLAY DATA
        cout<<"Project NO."<<projectNo<<endl;
        cout<<"Project Name : "<<projectName<<endl;
    }
};
int main()
{
    studentProject stuPro[2]; //it is the veriable of datatype studentProject

// input function
    for (int i = 0; i < 2; i++)
    {
        stuPro[i].input();
    }
    
    //dsiplay function 
    for (int i = 0; i < 2; i++)
    {
        stuPro[i].display();
    }
    
    return 0;
}

By default the permission is Public. So we can change the permission same like classes in OOP

Access specifiers in Structure C++

//CODE BY ALI
#include<iostream>
using namespace std;
//CODE BY ALI

//MAIN STRUCTURE
struct student
{
    private: //these veriable are just accessible in this struct
    int rollNo;
    char name[20];

public:  //Accessible from anywhere
    //Its react as simple function which is call from main function
    void input()
    {
        //GET INPUT
        cout<<"Enter the Roll NO of Student: ";
        cin>>rollNo;  
        cout<<"Enter the Name of Student: ";
        cin>>name;    
    }
    //Its react as simple function which is call from main function
    void display()
    {
        //DISPLAY DATA
        cout<<endl<<"Roll NO."<<rollNo<<endl;
        cout<<"Name : "<<name<<endl;
    }
};

//studentProject contain Project no and name also rollNo and name of Student
struct studentProject
{
    private:
    int projectNo;
    char projectName[10];
    student stu;  //stu is variable of type student

public: 
    //Its react as simple function which is call from main function
    void input()
    {
        //get input of student data
        stu.input();
        //GET INPUT
        cout<<"Enter the NO of Project: ";
        cin>>projectNo;  
        cout<<"Enter the Name of Project: ";
        cin>>projectName;   
        cout<<endl<<endl; 
    }
    //Its react as simple function which is call from main function
    void display()
    {
        //show student data
        stu.display();
        //DISPLAY DATA
        cout<<"Project NO."<<projectNo<<endl;
        cout<<"Project Name : "<<projectName<<endl;
    }
};
int main()
{
    studentProject stuPro[2]; //it is the veriable of datatype studentProject

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